Journal
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
Volume 24, Issue 2, Pages 404-413Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/sms.12015
Keywords
energy expenditure; physical exercise intervention; RCT design; compensation
Categories
Funding
- Research Council for Physical Education and Sports
- Finnish Ministry of Education
- Turku University of Applied Sciences RD program
- Diabetes Research Foundation
- Research Foundation of University of Helsinki
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
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In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with customized structured physical exercise activity (SPEA) interventions, the dose of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) should exceed the LTPA dose of the nonexercising control (C) group. This increase is required to substantiate health improvements achievable by exercise. We aimed to compare the dose of SPEA, LTPA, and total LTPA (SPEA+LTPA) between a randomized Nordic walking (NW) group, a power-type resistance training (RT) group, and a C group during a 12-week exercise intervention in obese middle-aged men (n=144) with impaired glucose regulation. The dose of physical activity was measured with diaries using metabolic equivalents. No significant difference (P>0.107) between the groups was found in volume of total LTPA. The volume of LTPA was, however, significantly higher (P<0.050) in the C group than in the NW group, but not compared with the RT group. These results indicate that structured exercise does not automatically increase the total LTPA level, possibly, as a result of compensation of LTPA with structured exercise or spontaneous activation of the C group. Thus, the dose of total LTPA and the possible changes in spontaneous LTPA should be taken into account when implementing a RCT design with exercise intervention.
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