Journal
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue 3, Pages 146-158Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02362.x
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Funding
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation
- Research and Science Foundation of Farmos
- Oulu University Scholarship Foundation
- Academy of Finland
- Foundation for Paediatric Research
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Competitive Research Funding of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Cancer Society
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RNA silencing is an efficient biochemical tool for gene knock downs as well as physiological phenomenon playing a major role in diverse biological processes. Recent knowledge suggests that the same protein families which mediate the experimental RNA interference (RNAi) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster cells also contribute to the antiviral host defence in both invertebrate model organisms and mammals. Additionally, another branch of RNA silencing, the microRNAs (miRNAs), has been recently described in the context of host defence. In several studies, miRNAs have been shown to regulate essential immune responses. This review summarizes basic concepts of RNAi and miRNAs, especially in the context of immune defence, focusing on the newly discovered role of DEAD-box helicases in the RNA interference and antiviral host defence.
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