Prospects of common biomolecules as coating substances for polymeric biomaterials

Growing demand for ideal materials in biomedical field not only explores novel approaches, but also examines how existing resources can be modified to fit the requirements. This strategy resulted in the development of various surface modification techniques to improve the biocompatibility of materials already in use. Although various methods are available, the concept of using biological substances for improving biocompatibility seems rational and effective because of the bio-friendly surface that they present which is closer to mimicking the innate environment. Some common biomolecules like proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and peptides are extensively applied on material surfaces through innovative mechanisms. This review will help us to keep abreast of the different types of coating methodologies used and the importance of biological substances as coating alternatives for improving the biocompatibility of polymers. Further, it will also encourage the development of these techniques to modernise materials to make them a more putative choice for biomedical applications.