Journal
RNA BIOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 673-681Publisher
LANDES BIOSCIENCE
DOI: 10.4161/rna.28985
Keywords
microRNA biogenesis; Microprocessor; Dicer; exportin-5; mirtron; m(7)G-capped pre-miRNA; AGO2 slicer activity; viral microRNA; tRNaseZ; Integrator
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NCI NIH HHS [CA16038, P01 CA016038] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM026154, GM026154] Funding Source: Medline
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitous gene regulators that modulate essential cellular processes at the post-transcriptional level. In metazoans and their viruses, most miRNAs are produced from hairpin-containing primary transcripts that are sequentially cleaved by nuclear Drosha and cytoplasmic Dicer. In the last decade, alternative mechanisms that bypass either the Drosha or Dicer cleavage step have emerged, increasing the complexity of the miRNA regulatory network. Here, we highlight non-canonical pathways that generate miRNAs using a variety of molecular machineries that play fundamental roles in the biogenesis and processing of other classes of cellular RNAs.
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