Journal
RHEUMATOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 7, Pages 1154-1160Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker524
Keywords
crystal arthropathies; inflammation; cytokines; animal models; physiology
Categories
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [FN 310030-130085]
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Microcrystals associated with joint diseases, namely monosodium urate, calcium pyrophosphate and basic calcium phosphate, can be considered as 'danger signals' to the innate immune system and provoke inflammation through inflammasome-dependent as well as inflammasome-independent pathways. Direct crystal membrane interactions can also lead to cell activation. The result is the generation of IL-1 beta and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. The primacy of IL-1 beta in the case of gouty inflammation has been demonstrated by the efficacy of IL-1 inhibitors in clinical studies. These findings may be relevant to other diseases where crystal formation is found, such as OA and atherosclerosis.
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