Journal
ONCOTARGET
Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 1203-1214Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6209
Keywords
hepatocellular carcinoma; CCN family proteins; metastasis; inflammatory microenvironment
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Funding
- China National Key Projects for Infectious Disease [2012ZX10002-012]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2014CB542101, 2013CB910500]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81502694]
- Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China [2015M570330]
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results from an underlying chronic liver inflammatory disease, such as chronic hepatitis B or C virus infections, and the general prognosis of patients with HCC still remains extremely dismal because of the high frequency of HCC metastases. Throughout the process of tumor metastasis, tumor cells constantly communicate with the surrounding microenvironment and improve their malignant phenotype. Therefore, there is a strong rationale for targeting the tumor microenvironment as primary treatment of HCC therapies. Recently, CCN family proteins have emerged as localized multitasking signal integrators in the inflammatory microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CCN family proteins in inflammation and the tumor. We also propose that the CCN family proteins may play a central role in signaling the tumor microenvironment and regulating the metastasis of HCC.
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