Journal
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
Volume 31, Issue 4, Pages 416-426Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12264-015-1536-6
Keywords
autophagy; synaptogenesis; synaptic elimination; synaptic function; synaptic pathology
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81401043, 81273491]
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LQ13H310004, LY12H31010]
- Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province [2013KYA147]
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City Project [20090233T12]
- Science Foundation of Hangzhou Normal University [2012QDL048]
- Program of Xinmiao Talents in Zhejiang Province, China [2015R423054]
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In the nervous system, neurons contact each other to form neuronal circuits and drive behavior, relying heavily on synaptic connections. The proper development and growth of synapses allows functional transmission of electrical information between neurons or between neurons and muscle fibers. Defects in synapse-formation or development lead to many diseases. Autophagy, a major determinant of protein turnover, is an essential process that takes place in developing synapses. During the induction of autophagy, proteins and cytoplasmic components are encapsulated in autophagosomes, which fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes. The cargoes are subsequently degraded and recycled. However, aberrant autophagic activity may lead to synaptic dysfunction, which is a common pathological characteristic in several disorders. Here, we review the current understanding of autophagy in regulating synaptic development and function. In addition, autophagy-related synaptic dysfunction in human diseases is also summarized.
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