Journal
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
Volume 81, Issue 4, Pages 1495-1550Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.81.1495
Keywords
magnetic force microscopy; magnetic materials; nanostructured materials; scanning tunnelling microscopy; tunnelling spectroscopy
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- ERC Advanced Grant FURORE''
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The direct observation of spin structures with atomic-scale resolution, a long-time dream in condensed matter research, recently became a reality based on the development of spin-sensitive scanning probe methods, such as spin-polarized scanning-tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) and magnetic exchange force microscopy (MExFM). This article reviews the basic principles and methods of SP-STM and MExFM and describes recently achieved milestones in the application of these techniques to metallic and electrically insulating magnetic nanostructures. Discoveries of novel types of magnetic order at the nanoscale are presented as well as challenges for the future, including studies of local spin excitations based on spin-resolved inelastic tunneling spectroscopy and measurements of damping forces in MExFM experiments.
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