Journal
RETROVIROLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-10-7
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- European Commission [QLK2-CT-2001-01344]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (Portugal) [SFRH/BPD/65605/2009]
- Research Fund (PDM) of the KU Leuven
- Belgian AIDS Reference Laboratory Fund
- Belgian Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen (W.F.O) [G.0611.09]
- Interuniversitaire Attractiepolen (Belgium) [P6/41]
- Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation [Health/0104/22]
- Danish AIDS Foundation
- Federal Ministry of Health (Germany) [1502-686-18]
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany) [01KI501]
- Fifth National Program on HIV/AIDS, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (Italy) [N 40F.56, 20D.1.6]
- Fondation Recherche sur le SiDA
- Ministry of Health (Luxembourg)
- Ministry of Education and Science (Republic of Serbia) [175024]
- Slovak Ministry of Health (Bratislava) [2005/37-SZU-15]
- Swedish Research Council
- Maraton TV3 Fundation (Spain) [02-1730]
- Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network (CHAIN) [Health-F3-2009-223131]
- European Community
- [LSHP-CT-2006-518211]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/65605/2009] Funding Source: FCT
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Background: Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug resistance development, disease progression, evolutionary rates and transmission routes. Results: We investigated the subtype distribution of HIV-1 in Europe and Israel in a representative sample of patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2005 and related it to the demographic data available. 2793 PRO-RT sequences were subtyped either with the REGA Subtyping tool or by a manual procedure that included phylogenetic tree and recombination analysis. The most prevalent subtypes/CRFs in our dataset were subtype B (66.1%), followed by sub-subtype A1 (6.9%), subtype C (6.8%) and CRF02_AG (4.7%). Substantial differences in the proportion of new diagnoses with distinct subtypes were found between European countries: the lowest proportion of subtype B was found in Israel (27.9%) and Portugal (39.2%), while the highest was observed in Poland (96.2%) and Slovenia (93.6%). Other subtypes were significantly more diagnosed in immigrant populations. Subtype B was significantly more diagnosed in men than in women and in MSM > IDUs > heterosexuals. Furthermore, the subtype distribution according to continent of origin of the patients suggests they acquired their infection there or in Europe from compatriots. Conclusions: The association of subtype with demographic parameters suggests highly compartmentalized epidemics, determined by social and behavioural characteristics of the patients.
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