Journal
RESPIROLOGY
Volume 14, Issue 8, Pages 1200-1205Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01630.x
Keywords
Acinetobacter baumannii; community-acquired pneumonia; sepsis; systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Categories
Funding
- Asia Pacific Influenza Advisory Committee
- Asian Hygiene Council
- MerLion Pharma
- Pfizer
- Wyeth
- Novartis
- International Business Communications Asia
- Baxter
- Interimmune
- Adamas
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Background and objective: Patients with community-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) pneumonia have been reported from subtropical countries. We investigated the epidemiology, clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to AB in Singapore. Method: A retrospective case series was performed over a 21-month period at two institutions. Results: From 1 January 2007 to 30 September 2008, eight patients were diagnosed with CAP due to AB. Seven had bacteraemia and five were sputum culture-positive. The median age at presentation was 58.5 years (range 45-76 years). Five patients (71.4%) acquired the pneumonia in the warmer months of June to September. Presentation was acute, with a median duration of 2.5 days (range 1-7 days). The median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 28.5 (range 6-36). Six patients presented with septic shock, lactic acidosis, acute kidney injury and respiratory failure, necessitating ICU care; five of thesepatients eventually died. All patients received empirical antibiotics, including third-generation cephalosporins, which were inactive against the organism. All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, aminoglycosides and imipenem. Conclusions: Community-acquired AB pneumonia have a fulminant course. In a region endemic for melioidosis and severe community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae, the challenge lies in rapid identification and initiation of appropriate empirical antibiotics to improve the survival of patients with AB CAP.
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