Journal
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 337-347Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S1472-6483(10)60091-0
Keywords
cAMP; ERK1/2; granulosa cells; human ovary; thyroid hormone receptor; thyroid stimulating hormone receptor
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Society for Medical Research
- Swedish Society of Medicine
- Swedish Research Council
- Karolinska Institute
- Magnus Bergvalls Foundation
- Goljes Foundation
- Ake Wibergas Foundation
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Dysfunction in thyroid regulation can cause menstrual and ovulatory disturbances, the mechanism of which is not clear. The distribution and activity of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSHR), and the thyroid hormone receptors (TR) alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta 1 in human ovarian tissue and in granulosa cells was studied using immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative PCR and immunoassays. Strong immunostaining of TSHR, TR alpha 1 and TR beta 1 was observed in ovarian surface epithelium and in oocytes of primordial, primary and secondary follicles, with minimal staining in granulosa cells of secondary follicles. Granulosa cells of antral follicles expressed TSHR, TR alpha 1 and TR beta 1 proteins. Messenger RNA for all receptors was present in ovarian tissue. Mature human granulosa cells expressed transcripts for 5' deiodinases types 2 and 3, but not type 1, indicating the possibility of conversion of peripheral thyroid hormone thyroxin (T-4). Granulosa cells stimulated with TSH showed a significant increase in cAMP concentrations after 2 h of culture (P = 0.047), indicating activation through TSHR. Stimulation with T-4 resulted in increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 activation after 10, 30, 60 min and 24 h. These data demonstrate that TSH and thyroid hormone receptors may participate in the regulation of ovarian function.
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