Optimum tilt angle and orientation of solar surfaces in Abu Dhabi, UAE

It is the aim of this paper to evaluate the effect of orientation on the optimum tilt angle of solar collectors and solar panels and the amount of solar radiation. Solar radiation on the inclined surface was estimated by an empirical method and applying the measured total solar radiation on the horizontal surface. Solar radiation was calculated at different tilt angles (-20 <= beta <= 90) and different orientations (-90 <= gamma <= 90). The yearly optimum tilt angle (beta(opt) = 22 degrees) was almost close to Abu Dhabi latitude (phi = 24.4 degrees) and the optimum orientation angle was in the south direction. The results showed that monthly and yearly optimum tilt angles reduced by the diversion of surface orientation from the south. Monthly optimum tilt angles for south-facing surface changes from -9 degrees in June to -52 degrees in December. Based on the calculation results, it is advised to change the tilt angle, at least twice a year. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.