Journal
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
Volume 19, Issue -, Pages 173-190Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.048
Keywords
Solar water heating; Collector; Heat pump water heater; Thermal stratification; Refrigerant
Funding
- Pakistan-US Science and Technology Cooperation Program, US Department of State
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Solar water heating (SWH) systems have a widespread usage and applications in both domestic and industrial sectors. According to Renewable Energy Policy Network data (2010), 70 million houses worldwide were reported to be using SWH systems. Solar water heating is not only environmentally friendly but requires minimal maintenance and operation cost compared to other solar energy applications. SWH systems are cost effective with an attractive payback period of 2-4 years depending on the type and size of the system. Extensive research has been performed to further improve the thermal efficiency of solar water heating. This paper presents a detailed review exclusively on the design aspects of SWH systems. The first part of the paper provides a consolidated summary on the development of various system components that includes the collector, storage tank and heat exchanger. The later part of this paper covers the alternative refrigerant technology and technological advancements in improving the performance as well as the cost effectiveness of the SWH system. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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