4.8 Review

Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review

Journal

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 578-597

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.003

Keywords

First generation biofuel; Second generation biofuel; Biorefinery; Biomass; Bio-oil

Funding

  1. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
  2. Canada Research Chair (CRC)

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Sustainable economic and industrial growth requires safe, sustainable resources of energy. For the future re-arrangement of a sustainable economy to biological raw materials, completely new approaches in research and development, production, and economy are necessary. The 'first-generation' biofuels appear unsustainable because of the potential stress that their production places on food commodities. For organic chemicals and materials these needs to follow a biorefinery model under environmentally sustainable conditions. Where these operate at present, their product range is largely limited to simple materials (i.e. cellulose, ethanol, and biofuels). Second generation biorefineries need to build on the need for sustainable chemical products through modern and proven green chemical technologies such as bioprocessing including pyrolysis, Fisher Tropsch, and other catalytic processes in order to make more complex molecules and materials on which a future sustainable society will be based. This review focus on cost effective technologies and the processes to convert biomass into useful liquid biofuels and bioproducts, with particular focus on some biorefinery concepts based on different feedstocks aiming at the integral utilization of these feedstocks for the production of value added chemicals. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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