Journal
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 69, Issue 3, Pages 496-511Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.05.018
Keywords
Zebrafish embryo; Aquatic acute toxicity; Reproducibility; Validation; Alternative method
Categories
Funding
- CEFIC
- U.K. DEFRA [CEFIC-LRI Eco8/8.2]
- Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment (NL)
- project REACH [601351]
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [864.09.005]
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The OECD validation study of the zebrafish embryo acute toxicity test (ZFET) for acute aquatic toxicity testing evaluated the ZFET reproducibility by testing 20 chemicals at 5 different concentrations in 3 independent runs in at least 3 laboratories. Stock solutions and test concentrations were analytically confirmed for 11 chemicals. Newly fertilised zebrafish eggs (20/concentration and control) were exposed for 96 h to chemicals. Four apical endpoints were recorded daily as indicators of acute lethality: coagulation of the embryo, lack of somite formation, non-detachment of the tail bud from the yolk sac and lack of heartbeat. Results (LC50 values for 48/96 h exposure) show that the ZFET is a robust method with a good intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility (CV < 30%) for most chemicals and laboratories. The reproducibility was lower (CV > 30%) for some very toxic or volatile chemicals, and chemicals tested close to their limit of solubility. The ZFET is now available as OECD Test Guideline 236. Considering the high predictive capacity of the ZFET demonstrated by Belanger et al. (2013) in their retrospective analysis of acute fish toxicity and fish embryo acute toxicity data, the ZFET is ready to be considered for acute fish toxicity for regulatory purposes. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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