Journal
REGULATORY PEPTIDES
Volume 165, Issue 1, Pages 102-110Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.11.014
Keywords
Chromogranins; Secretogranins; Antimicrobial peptides; Innate immunity; Inflammation
Categories
Funding
- Inserm
- University of Strasbourg (UDS)
- INRA
- BRAHMS
- Faculte de Chirurugie Dentaire de Strasbourg
- Delegation a la Recherche Clinique des Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg
- Fondation Transplantation for the PhD fellowship
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Chromogranins/secretogranins are members of the granin family present in secretory vesicles of nervous, endocrine and immune cells. In chromaffin cells, activation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors induces the release, with catecholamines, of bioactive peptides resulting from a natural processing. During the past decade, our laboratory has characterized new antimicrobial chromogranin-derived peptides in the secretions of stimulated bovine chromaffin cells. They act at the micromolar range against bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and are non-toxic for the mammalian cells. They are recovered in several biological fluids involved in defence mechanisms (human serum, neutrophil secretions and saliva). These new antimicrobial peptides demonstrate the major role of the adrenal medulla in innate immunity. In this review we focus on the antimicrobial peptides derived from human and bovine chromogranin A (CGA), chromogranin B (CGB) and secretogranin II (SGII) emphasizing their direct action against pathogens and their effects on immune cells. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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