Journal
RECENT PATENTS ON ANTI-CANCER DRUG DISCOVERY
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 157-163Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/157489209788452849
Keywords
Cyclooxygenase; tumour; melatonin; sumatriptan; omega 6; magnesium; indomethacin; selective COX-2 inhibitors
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Funding
- FFMB [1300/08]
- Porto Seco - Sul de Minas - Varginha - Minas Gerais - Brazil
- Faculdades Integradas da Vitoria de Santo Antao, Departamento de Farmacia, Vitoria de Santo Antao, PE, Brazil
- UNINCOR - Tres Coracoes - MG - Brazil
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The current use of antineoplastic drugs in human therapy causes a substancial number of toxic or side effects which consequently lead to a reduction of the amount of drug to be administered, and in some cases to discontinuation of the therapy. A reduction of the amount of drug to be administered or discontinuation of the therapy causes an increase in primary tumour growth and/or the occurrence of tumour metastases. For this reason, the development of new anti-cancer drugs with lower side effects is necessary. This review gives a general idea about the origins of cancer and the importance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in oncogenesis. Evidence from clinical and preclinical studies indicates that COX-2-derived prostaglandins participate in carcinogenesis, inflammation, immune response suppression, apoptosis inhibition, angiogenesis, and tumour cell invasion and metastasis. The recent anti-tumour drugs are based on tests of known selective COX-2 inhibitors and on the drawing and synthesis of new potent derivatives. Maybe, this can be the way to obtain new anti-tumour drugs with very low collateral effects. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are being mixtured with new anti-cancer drugs in order to obtain better results in the regression of cancers. Some natural products are selective COX-2 inhibitors and have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The relevant patents are discussed.
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