Journal
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Volume 85, Issue 7, Pages 1257-1305Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1351/PAC-CON-13-03-04
Keywords
excited-state chemistry; metal-to-ligand charge transfer; photochemistry; tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) cation
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-06ER15788]
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In 1974, the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state, [Ru(bpy)3]2(+*), was shown to undergo electron transfer quenching by methylviologen dication (MV2+), inspiring a new approach to artificial photosynthesis based on molecules, molecular-level phenomena, and a modular approach. In the intervening years, application of synthesis, excited-state measurements, and theory to [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)* and its relatives has had an outsized impact on photochemistry and photophysics. They have provided a basis for exploring the energy gap law for nonradiative decay and the role of molecular vibrations and solvent and medium effects on excited-state properties. Much has been learned about light absorption, excited-state electronic and molecular structure, and excited-state dynamics on timescales from femtoseconds to milliseconds. Excited-state properties and reactivity have been exploited in the investigation of electron and energy transfer in solution, in molecular assemblies, and in derivatized polymers and oligoprolines. An integrated, hybrid approach to solar fuels, based on dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPECs), has emerged and is being actively investigated.
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