Journal
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1741-1750Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980012005277
Keywords
Feeding practices; Micronutrients; Complementary foods; Altitude
Funding
- French Embassy in Ethiopia
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Objective: To characterize current feeding practices and to evaluate the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes of young children in subsistence farming rural households in North Wollo, Ethiopia. Design: A cross-sectional study examining sociodemographic status, anthropometry, breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices using two in-home nonconsecutive 24 h recalls. Settings: Two rural villages in the highlands and lowlands of Gobalafto district, North Wollo. Subjects: Seventy-six young children aged 12-23 months, thirty-nine from the lowlands and thirty-seven from the highlands. Results: About 33% of the children, similar to 46% in the highlands and 24% in the lowlands (P = 0.05), were stunted. Complementary diets were low in animal products, fruits and vegetables. Cereals and legumes were the major sources of energy, protein, Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin A. Legumes with potentially toxic components (grass pea, broad beans) and low nutrient-dense beverages such as tea were frequently consumed. Intakes of energy, Ca, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin C from complementary foods were below WHO recommendations assuming average breast-milk intakes. In contrast, Fe and protein intakes and densities met WHO recommendations. Although vitamin C intakes and densities were higher (P < 0.05) for the lowlands, they remained far below WHO recommendations. Conclusions: Interventions promoting the WHO guiding principles for complementary feeding practices and behaviours that take the agro-ecological contexts into account are needed here. Furthermore, specific recommendations should be formulated to discourage the consumption of grass pea, broad beans and low nutrient-dense beverages such as tea.
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