Journal
PROTOPLASMA
Volume 236, Issue 1-4, Pages 85-95Publisher
SPRINGER WIEN
DOI: 10.1007/s00709-009-0061-8
Keywords
Chloroplast; Chromium; Oxidative stress; Pea; Reactive oxygen species
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Funding
- CSIR
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Pea plants were exposed to 0, 20, 50, and 100 A mu M chromium [Cr(VI)] to investigate oxidative stress in isolated chloroplasts. Leaf area and biomass accumulation were significantly reduced at higher Cr supply. Generation of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and center dot OH radical generation was enhanced in the chloroplasts isolated from Cr-exposed pea plants. Cr(VI) significantly reduced F (v)/F (m) ratio of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence, Chl content, and whole chain electron transport rate. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at lower Cr supply while it decreased at higher Cr supply. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was found to be most sensitive to Cr stress. Monodehydroascorbate reductase activity remained higher at 20 and 50 A mu M Cr but decreased at 100 A mu M Cr. Increased activities of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the isolated chloroplasts were observed during the initial 3 days of Cr exposure of pea plants. Activities of DHAR and GR were increased up to day 3 only. Ascorbate and glutathione (GSH) pools showed similar decrease that was more evident in the GSH pool as the duration of Cr treatment increased. Observed changes in reactive oxygen species concentration, photosynthetic characteristics, and antioxidant system indicate that chloroplasts in Cr-exposed pea plants are an important target of oxidative stress.
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