Journal
PROTIST
Volume 163, Issue 2, Pages 217-231Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.08.001
Keywords
Heterokont algae; molecular phylogenetic analysis; multigene phylogeny; reduced flagellar clade; stramenochromes
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [EF 04-3117, EF 08-27023, DEB 09-37975]
- Korean Research Foundation (MEST) [2009-0077972]
- Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, Korea
- SSAC, Rural Development Administration, Korea [2011-PJ008177]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0937975] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0949211] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0077972] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea [PJ008177012012] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Molecular data had consistently recovered monophyletic classes for the heterokont algae, however, the relationships among the classes had remained only partially resolved. Furthermore, earlier studies did not include representatives from all taxonomic classes. We used a five-gene (nuclear encoded SSU rRNA; plastid encoded rbcL, psaA, psbA, psbC) analysis with a subset of 89 taxa representing all 16 heterokont classes to infer a phylogenetic tree. There were three major clades. The Aurearenophyceae, Chrysomerophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Phaeothamniophyceae, Raphidophyceae, Schizocladiophyceae and Xanthophyceae formed the SI clade. The Chrysophyceae, Eustigmatophyceae, Pinguiophyceae, Synchromophyceae and Synurophyceae formed the SII clade. The Bacillariophyceae, Bolidophyceae, Dictyochophyceae and Pelagophyceae formed the SIII clade. These three clades were also found in a ten-gene analysis. The approximately unbiased test rejected alternative hypotheses that forced each class into either of the other two clades. Morphological and biochemical data were not available for all 89 taxa, however, existing data were consistent with the molecular phylogenetic tree, especially for the SIII clade. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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