Identification of soybean proteins from a single cell type: The root hair

Root hairs (RH) are a terminally differentiated single cell type, mainly involved in water and nutrient uptake from the soil. The soybean RH cell represents an excellent model for the study of single cell systems biology. In this study, we identified 5702 proteins, with at least two peptides, from soybean RH using an accurate mass and time tag approach, establishing a comprehensive proteome reference map of this single cell type. We also showed that trypsin is the most appropriate enzyme for soybean proteomic studies by performing an in silico digestion of the soybean proteome using different proteases. Although the majority of proteins identified in this study are involved in basal metabolism, the function of others are more related to RH formation/function and include proteins involved in nutrient uptake (transporters) or vesicular trafficking (cytoskeleton and ras-associated binding proteins). Interestingly, some of these proteins appear to be specifically detected in RH and constitute promising candidates for further studies to elucidate unique features of this single-cell model.