Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 5, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201500772
Keywords
batteries; charge transfer mechanism; confined nanostructure; manganese oxide; pseudocapacitors
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan [NSC 101-2221-E-002-160-MY3, NSC 102-3113-P-006-012]
- MOST [MOST 103-2811-E-002-003, 104-2811-E-002-005]
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Mn oxides are highly important electrode materials for aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices, including batteries and supercapacitors. Although MnO2 is a promising pseudocapacitor material because of its outstanding rate and capacity performance, its electrochemical instability in aqueous electrolyte prevents its use at low electrochemical potential. Here, the possibility of stabilizing MnO2 electrode using SiO2-confined nanostructure is demonstrated. Remarkably, an exceptionally good electrochemical stability under large negative polarization in aqueous (Li2SO4) electrolyte, usually unattainable for MnO2-based electrode, is achieved. Even more interestingly, this MnO2-SiO2 nanostructured composite exhibits unique mixed pseudocapacitance-battery behaviors involving consecutive reversible charge transfer from Mn(IV) to Mn(II), which enable simultaneous high-capacity and high-rate characteristics, via different charge-transfer kinetic mechanisms. This suggests a strategy to design and stabilize electrochemical materials that are comprised of intrinsically unstable but high-performing component materials.
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