Journal
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
Volume 83, Issue 3, Pages 137-141Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2010.06.007
Keywords
Bioavailability; n-3 Fatty acids; Ethyl esters; Re-esterified triglycerides; Free fatty acids; Fish oil; Stereoisomery
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The use of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) as supplements has prompted the development of concentrated formulations to overcome compliance problems. The present study compares three concentrated preparations - ethyl esters, free fatty acids and re-esterified triglycerides - with placebo oil in a double-blinded design, and with fish body oil and cod liver oil in single-blinded arms. Seventy-two volunteers were given approximately 3.3 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) daily for 2 weeks. Increases in absolute amounts of EPA and DHA in fasting serum triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phospholipids were examined. Bioavailability of EPA+DHA from re-esterified triglycerides was superior (124%) compared with natural fish oil, whereas the bioavailability from ethyl esters was inferior (73%). Free fatty acid bioavailability (91%) did not differ significantly from natural triglycerides. The stereochemistry of fatty acid in acylglycerols did not influence the bioavailability of EPA and DHA. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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