Charmonium and bottomonium in heavy-ion collisions

We review the present status in the theoretical and phenomenological understanding of charmonium and bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions We start by recapitulating the basic notion of anomalous quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions and its recent amendments involving regeneration reactions We then survey in some detail concepts and ingredients needed for a comprehensive approach to utilize heavy quarkonia as a probe of hot and dense matter The theoretical discussion encompasses recent lattice QCD computations of quarkonium properties in the Quark-Gluon Plasma their interpretations using effective potential models inelastic rate calculations and insights from analyses of electromagnetic plasmas We illustrate the powerful techniques of thermodynamic Green functions (T-matrices) to provide a general framework for implementing microscopic properties of heavy quarkonia Into a kinetic theory of suppression and regeneration reactions The theoretical concepts are tested in applications to heavy-ion reactions at SPS RHIC and LHC We outline perspectives for future experiments on charmonium and bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions over a large range of energies (FAIR RHIC-II and LHC) These are expected to provide key insights into hadronic matter under extreme conditions using quarkonium observables (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved