Journal
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 98, Issue 1, Pages 82-98Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.05.003
Keywords
Sleep; Consciousness; Prediction; Free energy; Neuronal coding; Rapid eye movement sleep; Pontine-geniculate-occipital waves; Neuromodulation
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Funding
- NIH
- NSF
- John D. and Catherine T. Mac Arthur Foundation
- Wellcome Trust
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This paper presents a theoretical review of rapid eye movement sleep with a special focus on pontinegeniculate-occipital waves and what they might tell us about the functional anatomy of sleep and consciousness. In particular, we review established ideas about the nature and purpose of sleep in terms of protoconsciousness and free energy minimization. By combining these theoretical perspectives, we discover answers to some fundamental questions about sleep: for example, why is homeothermy suspended during sleep? Why is sleep necessary? Why are we not surprised by our dreams? What is the role of synaptic regression in sleep? The imperatives for sleep that emerge also allow us to speculate about the functional role of PGO waves and make some empirical predictions that can, in principle, be tested using recent advances in the modeling of electrophysiological data. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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