Journal
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 85, Issue 4, Pages 407-432Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2008.05.001
Keywords
Parkinson's disease; therapy; stem cell; transplantation; growth factor; GDNF; neurogenesis; transcription factor; embryonic; fetal; graft; striatum; substantia nigra
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council
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Several exciting approaches for restorative therapy in Parkinson's disease have emerged over the past two decades. This review initially describes experimental and clinical data regarding growth factor administration. We focus on glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), particularly its role in neuroprotection and in regeneration in Parkinson's disease. Thereafter, we discuss the challenges currently facing cell transplantation in Parkinson's disease and briefly consider the possibility to continue testing intrastriatal transplantation of fetal dopaminergic progenitors clinically. We also give a more detailed overview of the developmental biology of dopaminergic neurons and the potential of certain stem cells, i.e. neural and embryonic stem cells. to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons. Finally, we discuss adult neurogenesis as a potential tool for restoring lost dopamine neurons in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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