Journal
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
Volume 51, Issue 1, Pages 50-62Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2011.11.001
Keywords
Ceramide; Ceramide synthase; Chain length-specific; Apoptosis; Cancer
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Forschergruppe FOG 784/TP5 [GR2011/2-1]
- DFG [GR2011/3-1]
- LOEWE Lipid Signaling Forschungszentrum Frankfurt (LiFF)
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Ceramides are a class of sphingolipids that are abundant in cell membranes. They are important structural components of the membrane but can also act as second messengers in various signaling pathways. Until recently, ceramides and dihydroceramides were considered as a single functional class of lipids and no distinction was made between molecules with different chain lengths. However, based on the development of high-throughput, structure-specific and quantitative analytical methods to measure ceramides, it has now become clear that in cellular systems the amounts of ceramides differ with respect to their chain length. Further studies have indicated that some functions of ceramides are chain-length dependent. In this review, we discuss the chain length-specific differences of ceramides including their pathological impact on Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and cancer. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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