Journal
Nature Communications
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6954
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Funding
- State of Bavaria for the collaborative research network 'Solar Technologies go Hybrid'
- German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [13N10205]
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Physical properties of active materials built up from small molecules are dictated by their molecular packing in the solid state. Here we demonstrate for the first time the growth of n-channel single-crystal field-effect transistors and organic thin-film transistors by sublimation of 2,6-dichloro-naphthalene diimide in air. Under these conditions, a new polymorph with two-dimensional brick-wall packing mode (beta-phase) is obtained that is distinguished from the previously reported herringbone packing motif obtained from solution (alpha-phase). We are able to fabricate single-crystal field-effect transistors with electron mobilities in air of up to 8.6 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) (alpha-phase) and up to 3.5 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) (beta-phase) on n-octadecyltriethoxysilane-modified substrates. On silicon dioxide, thin-film devices based on beta-phase can be manufactured in air giving rise to electron mobilities of 0.37 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The simple crystal and thin-film growth procedures by sublimation under ambient conditions avoid elaborate substrate modifications and costly vacuum equipment-based fabrication steps.
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