Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6938
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Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland IvP Grant [12/IA/1742]
- EU EMJD 'EXTATIC' [FPA-2012-0033]
- Volkswagen Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [925/A1]
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [12/IA/1742] Funding Source: Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
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Many advanced applications of X-ray free-electron lasers require pulse durations and time resolutions of only a few femtoseconds. To generate these pulses and to apply them in time-resolved experiments, synchronization techniques that can simultaneously lock all independent components, including all accelerator modules and all external optical lasers, to better than the delivered free-electron laser pulse duration, are needed. Here we achieve all-optical synchronization at the soft X-ray free-electron laser FLASH and demonstrate facility-wide timing to better than 30 fs r.m.s. for 90 fs X-ray photon pulses. Crucially, our analysis indicates that the performance of this optical synchronization is limited primarily by the free-electron laser pulse duration, and should naturally scale to the sub-10 femtosecond level with shorter X-ray pulses.
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