Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 280, Issue 1759, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0207
Keywords
arbuscular mycorrhizas; Endogone; evolution; fungi; plants; symbiosis
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Funding
- University of Turin of the Regione Piemonte
- University of Bando ad Alta Formazione of the Regione Piemonte
- Leverhulme Trust
- DFG [RE-603/14-1]
- NERC [NE/I025360/1, NE/I027193/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/I025360/1, NE/I027193/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Hornworts are considered the sister group to vascular plants, but their fungal associations remain largely unexplored. The ancestral symbiotic condition for all plants is, nonetheless, widely assumed to be arbuscular mycorrhizal with Glomeromycota fungi. Owing to a recent report of other fungi in some non-vascular plants, here we investigate the fungi associated with diverse hornworts worldwide, using electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetics. We found that both Glomeromycota and Mucoromycotina fungi can form symbioses with most hornworts, often simultaneously. This discovery indicates that ancient terrestrial plants relied on a wider and more versatile symbiotic repertoire than previously thought, and it highlights the so far unappreciated ecological and evolutionary role of Mucoromycotina fungi.
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