Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 279, Issue 1735, Pages 1937-1942Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2419
Keywords
cross-modal; individual recognition; expectancy violation; social classification
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Funding
- KAKENHI [217525, 19700248, 23700319]
- Japan Science Society [23-619]
- Global COE Programme [D-09]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23700319, 19700248] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Recognizing other individuals by integrating different sensory modalities is a crucial ability of social animals, including humans. Although cross-modal individual recognition has been demonstrated in mammals, the extent of its use by birds remains unknown. Herein, we report the first evidence of cross-modal recognition of group members by a highly social bird, the large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos). A cross-modal expectancy violation paradigm was used to test whether crows were sensitive to identity congruence between visual presentation of a group member and the subsequent playback of a contact call. Crows looked more rapidly and for a longer duration when the visual and auditory stimuli were incongruent than when congruent. Moreover, these responses were not observed with non-group member stimuli. These results indicate that crows spontaneously associate visual and auditory information of group members but not of non-group members, which is a demonstration of cross-modal audiovisual recognition of group members in birds.
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