Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 276, Issue 1668, Pages 2711-2719Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0349
Keywords
seasonal adaptation; temporal isolation; isolation by time; winter geometrid moth
Categories
Funding
- Japan Science Society
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences [15207004, 20370011]
- Global COE program A06 'Formation of a Strategic Base for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Research
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports and Technology, Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20370011, 15207004] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Disruptive selection of life-cycle timing may cause temporal isolation directly and, ultimately, allochronic speciation. Despite the fact that segregation of the reproductive period among related species has been broadly observed across taxa, it remains controversial whether temporal isolation can function as the primary process of speciation. In the Japanese winter geometrid moth Inurois punctigera, allochronic divergence has resulted from climatic disruption of the reproductive period. In habitats with severe midwinter, two sympatric groups of moth reproduce allochronically in early and late winter. These groups are genetically diverging sister lineages and now co-occur allochronically throughout Japan. By contrast, in habitats with milder midwinter these lineages form a continuous adult period and gene flow has been facilitated between the lineages. These results, together with the fact that there is no difference in larval host use, indicate that temporal isolation has been the sole mechanism for allochronic isolation in colder habitats and that allochrony is not a by-product of other adaptations. Thus, the allochronic divergence of sympatric I. punctigera populations represents an incipient speciation process driven by midwinter disruption of the reproductive period.
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