Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 275, Issue 1653, Pages 2803-2811Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0986
Keywords
face; eye gaze; infancy; communication; neuroimaging; social brain
Categories
Funding
- Medical Research Council [G0400120, G9715587] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G9715587, G0400120] Funding Source: Medline
- Wellcome Trust Funding Source: Medline
- MRC [G0400120, G9715587] Funding Source: UKRI
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This study examined the brain bases of early human social cognitive abilities. Specifically, we investigated whether cortical regions implicated in adults' perception of facial communication signals are functionally active in early human development. Four-month-old infants watched two kinds of dynamic scenarios in which a face either established mutual gaze or averted its gaze, both of which were followed by an eyebrow raise with accompanying smile. Haemodynamic responses were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy, permitting spatial localization of brain activation (experiment 1), and gamma-band oscillatory brain activity was analysed from electroencephalography to provide temporal information about the underlying cortical processes (experiment 2). The results revealed that perceiving facial communication signals activates areas in the infant temporal and prefrontal cortex that correspond to the brain regions implicated in these processes in adults. In addition, mutual gaze itself, and the eyebrow raise with accompanying smile in the context of mutual gaze, produce similar cortical activations. This pattern of results suggests an early specialization of the cortical network involved in the perception of facial communication cues, which is essential for infants' interactions with, and learning from, others.
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