Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 1, Pages 76-81Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421127112
Keywords
grain size; weight; yield; plant biomass; rice
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science [22119007]
- Japan Science and Technology (JST) Agency-Japan International Cooperation Agency within the framework of the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS)
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, JST
- Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers NEXT Program [GS-024]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22119007, 13J10703, 15H04450, 26660024, 22119001, 24112006] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Grain weight is an important crop yield component; however, its underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we identify a grain-weight quantitative trait locus (QTL) encoding a new-type GNAT-like protein that harbors intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity (OsglHAT1). Our genetic and molecular evidences pinpointed the QTL-OsglHAT1's allelic variations to a 1.2-kb region upstream of the gene body, which is consistent with its function as a positive regulator of the traits. Elevated OsglHAT1 expression enhances grain weight and yield by enlarging spikelet hulls via increasing cell number and accelerating grain filling, and increases global acetylation levels of histone H4. OsglHAT1 localizes to the nucleus, where it likely functions through the regulation of transcription. Despite its positive agronomical effects on grain weight, yield, and plant biomass, the rare allele elevating OsglHAT1 expression has so far escaped human selection. Our findings reveal the first example, to our knowledge, of a QTL for a yield component trait being due to a chromatin modifier that has the potential to improve crop high-yield breeding.
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