Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 111, Issue 9, Pages 3544-3549Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1314118111
Keywords
angiogenesis; oncogenes; macrophages; clotting; brain tumor
Categories
Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [MOP 102736, MOP 111119]
- CIHR grant
- Fonds de la Recherche en Sante du Quebec
- CIHR through the Canadian Epigenetics, Environment and Health Research Consortium [EP2-120609]
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The coagulation system links immediate (hemostatic) and late (inflammatory, angiogenic) tissue responses to injury, a continuum that often is subverted in cancer. Here we provide evidence that tumor dormancy is influenced by tissue factor (TF), the cancer cell-associated initiator of the coagulation system and a signaling receptor. Thus, indolent human glioma cells deficient for TF remain viable but permanently dormant at the injection site for nearly a year, whereas the expression of TF leads to a step-wise transition to latent and overt tumor growth phases, a process that is preceded by recruitment of vascular (CD105(+)) and myeloid (CD11b(+) and F4/80(+)) cells. Importantly, the microenvironment orchestrated by TF expression drives permanent changes in the phenotype, gene-expression profile, DNA copy number, and DNA methylation state of the tumor cells that escape from dormancy. We postulate that procoagulant events in the tissue microenvironment (niche) may affect the fate of occult tumor cells, including their biological and genetic progression to initiate a full-blown malignancy.
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