Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 110, Issue 39, Pages E3730-E3738Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1304960110
Keywords
host-microbe; Cnidaria; phylosymbiotic; core microbiota; holobiont
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [BO 848/17-1, FR 3041/2-1]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence program The Future Ocean
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence program Inflammation at Interfaces
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Animals are colonized by coevolved bacterial communities, which contribute to the host's health. This commensal microbiota is often highly specific to its host-species, inferring strong selective pressures on the associated microbes. Several factors, including diet, mucus composition, and the immune system have been proposed as putative determinants of host-associated bacterial communities. Here we report that species-specific antimicrobial peptides account for different bacterial communities associated with closely related species of the cnidarian Hydra. Gene family extensions for potent antimicrobial peptides, the arminins, were detected in four Hydra species, with each species possessing a unique composition and expression profile of arminins. For functional analysis, we inoculated arminin-deficient and control polyps with bacterial consortia characteristic for different Hydra species and compared their selective preferences by 454 pyrosequencing of the bacterial microbiota. In contrast to control polyps, arminin-deficient polyps displayed decreased potential to select for bacterial communities resembling their native microbiota. This finding indicates that species-specific antimicrobial peptides shape species-specific bacterial associations.
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