Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 110, Issue 4, Pages 1221-1226Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1213201110
Keywords
quantum foundations; quantum optics; quantum information processing
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Funding
- European Commission
- EU Integrated Project Qubit Applications [015848]
- quantum interfaces, sensors, and communication based on entanglement [248095]
- European Research Council Advanced Grant [QIT4QAD]
- SFB-Foundations and Applications of Quantum Science of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
- Templeton Fellowship at the Austrian Academy of Science's Institute
- FWF
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [W1210] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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The counterintuitive features of quantum physics challenge many common-sense assumptions. In an interferometric quantum eraser experiment, one can actively choose whether or not to erase which-path information (a particle feature) of one quantum system and thus observe its wave feature via interference or not by performing a suitable measurement on a distant quantum system entangled with it. In all experiments performed to date, this choice took place either in the past or, in some delayed-choice arrangements, in the future of the interference. Thus, in principle, physical communications between choice and interference were not excluded. Here, we report a quantum eraser experiment in which, by enforcing Einstein locality, no such communication is possible. This is achieved by independent active choices, which are space-like separated from the interference. Our setup employs hybrid path-polarization entangled photon pairs, which are distributed over an optical fiber link of 55 m in one experiment, or over a free-space link of 144 km in another. No naive realistic picture is compatible with our results because whether a quantum could be seen as showing particle- or wave-like behavior would depend on a causally disconnected choice. It is therefore suggestive to abandon such pictures altogether.
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