Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 109, Issue 28, Pages 11127-11132Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1205004109
Keywords
hybridization kinetics; DNA; RNA; molecular beacons; electrophoresis
Categories
Funding
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N660001-09-C-2082]
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U01-AI082457]
- NSF [ECCS-0901292]
- Technion
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [0901292] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1159092] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0900899] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We use isotachophoresis (ITP) to control and increase the rate of nucleic acid hybridization reactions in free solution. We present a new physical model, validation experiments, and demonstrations of this assay. We studied the coupled physicochemical processes of preconcentration, mixing, and chemical reaction kinetics under ITP. Our experimentally validated model enables a closed form solution for ITP-aided reaction kinetics, and reveals a new characteristic time scale which correctly predicts order 10,000-fold speed-up of chemical reaction rate for order 100 pM reactants, and greater enhancement at lower concentrations. At 500 pM concentration, we measured a reaction time which is 14,000-fold lower than that predicted for standard second-order hybridization. The model and method are generally applicable to acceleration of reactions involving nucleic acids, and may be applicable to a wide range of reactions involving ionic reactants.
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