Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 109, Issue 37, Pages 15036-15041Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1207768109
Keywords
metabolomics; circadian rhythm; liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; diagnostic tool
Categories
Funding
- RIKEN CDB
- New Energy Developing Organization
- Yamagata Prefectural Government
- city of Tsuruoka
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- Intramural Research Grant for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders of National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry [23-3]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21390335]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23560446, 23592784, 21390064, 21390335, 22134007] Funding Source: KAKEN
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A convenient way to estimate internal body time (BT) is essential for chronotherapy and time-restricted feeding, both of which use body-time information to maximize potency and minimize toxicity during drug administration and feeding, respectively. Previously, we proposed a molecular timetable based on circadian-oscillating substances in multiple mouse organs or blood to estimate internal body time from samples taken at only a few time points. Here we applied this molecular-timetable concept to estimate and evaluate internal body time in humans. We constructed a 1.5-d reference timetable of oscillating metabolites in human blood samples with 2-h sampling frequency while simultaneously controlling for the confounding effects of activity level, light, temperature, sleep, and food intake. By using this metabolite timetable as a reference, we accurately determined internal body time within 3 h from just two anti-phase blood samples. Our minimally invasive, molecular-timetable method with human blood enables highly optimized and personalized medicine.
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