Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 109, Issue 15, Pages 5761-5766Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1119651109
Keywords
microbial microcosms; directional dispersal; community assembly; nonneutral dynamics
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Funding
- ERC [RINEC 22761]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200021/124930/1, 31003A_135622]
- CEAL/IIE/Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne
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Biological communities often occur in spatially structured habitats where connectivity directly affects dispersal and metacommunity processes. Recent theoretical work suggests that dispersal constrained by the connectivity of specific habitat structures, such as dendrites like river networks, can explain observed features of biodiversity, but direct evidence is still lacking. We experimentally show that connectivity per se shapes diversity patterns in microcosm metacommunities at different levels. Local dispersal in isotropic lattice landscapes homogenizes local species richness and leads to pronounced spatial persistence. On the contrary, dispersal along dendritic landscapes leads to higher variability in local diversity and among-community composition. Although headwaters exhibit relatively lower species richness, they are crucial for the maintenance of regional biodiversity. Our results establish that spatially constrained dendritic connectivity is a key factor for community composition and population persistence.
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