Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 109, Issue 1, Pages 303-308Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1109921108
Keywords
flagellin sensing 2; brassinosteroid insensitive 1; BRI1-associated kinase 1; cross-talk
Categories
Funding
- Gatsby Charitable Foundation
- United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G024936/1, BB/G024944/1]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-120655]
- Marie Curie Training ITN network BRAssinosteroid Venture Increasing StudentS' International MObility Grant [215118]
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences of Wageningen University
- BBSRC [BB/E017134/1, BB/G024944/1, BB/G024936/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [31003A-120655] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G024936/1, BB/G024944/1, BB/E017134/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Plants and animals use innate immunity as a first defense against pathogens, a costly yet necessary tradeoff between growth and immunity. In Arabidopsis, the regulatory leucine-rich repeat receptor- like kinase (LRR-RLK) BAK1 combines with the LRR-RLKs FLS2 and EFR in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and the LRR-RLK BRI1 in brassinosteroid (BR)mediated growth. Therefore, a potential tradeoff between these pathways mediated by BAK1 is often postulated. Here, we show a unidirectional inhibition of FLS2-mediated immune signaling by BR perception. Unexpectedly, this effect occurred downstream or independently of complex formation with BAK1 and associated downstream phosphorylation. Thus, BAK1 is not rate-limiting in these pathways. BRs also inhibited signaling triggered by the BAK1-independent recognition of the fungal PAMP chitin. Our results suggest a general mechanism operative in plants in which BR-mediated growth directly antagonizes innate immune signaling.
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