Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 108, Issue 46, Pages 18622-18625Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114548108
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Funding
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) through the Hybrid Computational Science Laboratory [2E21580]
- Korean Government Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) [KRF-2006-341-C000015, 2010-0007805]
- Priority Research Center [2010-0020207]
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI)
- National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST), Republic of Korea [2E21580] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0007805] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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We investigate the roles of the pseudospin and the valley degeneracy in electron scattering at graphene edges. It is found that they are strongly correlated with charge density modulations of short-wavelength oscillations and slowly decaying beat patterns in the electronic density profile. Theoretical analyses using nearest-neighbor tight-binding methods and first-principles density-functional theory calculations agree well with our experimental data from scanning tunneling microscopy. The armchair edge shows almost perfect intervalley scattering with pseudospin invariance regardless of the presence of the hydrogen atom at the edge, whereas the zigzag edge only allows for intravalley scattering with the change in the pseudospin orientation. The effect of structural defects at the graphene edges is also discussed.
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