Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 25, Pages 11543-11548Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0912989107
Keywords
Bacillus subtilis; translational errors; variations in living cells; translation fidelity
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council [209130]
- Israel Science Foundation [696/07]
- European Research Council (ERC) [209130] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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To monitor inaccuracy in gene expression in living cells, we designed an experimental system in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis whereby spontaneous errors can be visualized and quantified at a single-cell level. Our strategy was to introduce mutations into a chromosomally encoded gfp allele, such that errors in protein production are reported in real time by the formation of fluorescent GFP molecules. The data reveal that the amount of errors can greatly exceed previous estimates, and that the error rate increases dramatically at lower temperatures and during stationary phase. Furthermore, we demonstrate that when facing an antibiotic threat, an increase in error level is sufficient to allow survival of bacteria carrying a mutated antibiotic-resistance gene. We propose that bacterial gene expression is error prone, frequently yielding protein molecules that differ slightly from the sequence specified by their DNA, thus generating a cellular reservoir of nonidentical protein molecules. This variation may be a key factor in increasing bacterial fitness, expanding the capability of an isogenic population to face environmental challenges.
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