Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 41, Pages 17745-17750Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008053107
Keywords
bacterial pathogenesis; cryo-electron microscopy; membrane proteins; organelle assembly; protein secretion
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet)
- European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
- Human Frontiers Science Program
- Zentrum fur Innovation und Technology Vienna (ZIT)
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Nanostructure Vienna (CMCN)
- Raiffeisen Landesbank Oberosterreich grants
- National Institutes of Health [AI30492]
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Type III protein secretion systems are unique bacterial nanomachines with the capacity to deliver bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic cells. These systems are critical to the biology of many pathogenic or symbiotic bacteria for insects, plants, animals, and humans. Essential components of these systems are multiprotein envelope-associated organelles known as the needle complex and a group of membrane proteins that compose the so-called export apparatus. Here, we show that components of the export apparatus associate intimately with the needle complex, forming a structure that can be visualized by cryo-electron microscopy. We also show that formation of the needle complex base is initiated at the export apparatus and that, in the absence of export apparatus components, there is a significant reduction in the levels of needle complex base assembly. Our results show a substantial coordination in the assembly of the two central elements of type III secretion machines.
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