Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 50, Pages 21659-21664Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1007654108
Keywords
cytolityc activity; proinflammatory cytokines; lypopolissacaride; molecular interactions; nectins' family
Categories
Funding
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
- Istituto Superiore di Sanita
- Ministero del Lavoro
- della Salute e delle Politiche Sociali
- Ministero dell'Istruzione
- dell'Universita e della Ricerca
- Fondazione Italiana per Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC)
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The cross-talk among cells of the innate immunity can greatly affect both innate and adaptive responses. Here we analyzed the molecular interactions between human natural killer (NK) cells and autologous macrophages. Activated NK cells killed M0 and M2, whereas M1 macrophages were more resistant to lysis because of their higher expression of HLA class I molecules. Following exposure to LPS or bacillus Calmette-Guerin, M0 and M2, but not polarized (endotoxin tolerant) M1 macrophages, induced strong activation of resting NK cells. The expression of CD69 and CD25 activation markers and the acquisition of cytotoxicity against tumor cells and immature dendritic cells required soluble factors being mostly contact independent. On the contrary, IFN-gamma production was contact dependent and required the interaction of DNAM-1 and 2B4 (on NK) with their ligands on macrophages as well as IL-18. IL-18 was involved also in the acquisition of CCR7 by NK cells. Interestingly, M0 and M2 cells expressed a membrane-bound form of IL-18, which was released in small amounts after LPS treatment. Our data indicate that, upon interaction with M0 macrophages exposed to microbial products, NK cells may amplify classical type 1 immune responses. In addition, M1-polarizing stimuli can rescue M2 macrophages from their immunomodulatory state and shape their functional behavior toward NK stimulatory capability.
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