Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 3, Pages 987-992Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0912988107
Keywords
exoskeleton; mollusc; biomechanics; nanomechanics; nanoindentation
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation MIT Center for Materials Science and Engineering [DMR-0819762]
- Singapore-MIT Alliance
- US Army through the MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies [DAAD-19-02-D0002]
- Raytheon, Inc.
- National Security Science and Engineering [N00244-09-1-0064]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [819762] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Biological exoskeletons, in particular those with unusually robust and multifunctional properties, hold enormous potential for the development of improved load-bearing and protective engineering materials. Here, we report new materials and mechanical design principles of the iron-plated multilayered structure of the natural armor of Crysomallon squamiferum, a recently discovered gastropod mollusc from the Kairei Indian hydrothermal vent field, which is unlike any other known natural or synthetic engineered armor. We have determined through nanoscale experiments and computational simulations of a predatory attack that the specific combination of different materials, microstructures, interfacial geometries, gradation, and layering are advantageous for penetration resistance, energy dissipation, mitigation of fracture and crack arrest, reduction of back deflections, and resistance to bending and tensile loads. The structure-property-performance relationships described are expected to be of technological interest for a variety of civilian and defense applications.
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