Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 16, Pages 7153-7157Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0913952107
Keywords
massive stars; planet formation; premain sequence stars; star formation; x-ray astronomy
Categories
Funding
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAS8-38252]
- Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory [SV4-74018]
- NASA [NNX09AC74G]
- National Science Foundation [AST-0908038]
- NASA [120451, NNX09AC74G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0908038] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Although stars and planets form in cold environments, X-rays are produced in abundance by young stars. This review examines the implications of stellar X-rays for star and planet formation studies, highlighting the contributions of NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Chandra X-ray Observatory. Seven topics are covered: X-rays from protostellar outflow shocks, X-rays from the youngest protostars, the stellar initial mass function, the structure of young stellar clusters, the fate of massive stellar winds, X-ray irradiation of protoplanetary disks, and X-ray flare effects on ancient meteorites. Chandra observations of star-forming regions often show dramatic star clusters, powerful magnetic reconnection flares, and parsec-scale diffuse plasma. X-ray selected samples of premain sequence stars significantly advance studies of star cluster formation, the stellar initial mass function, triggered star-formation processes, and protoplanetary disk evolution. Although X-rays themselves may not play a critical role in the physics of star formation, they likely have important effects on protoplanetary disks by heating and ionizing disk gases.
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