Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 105, Issue 14, Pages 5531-5536Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0800037105
Keywords
angiogenesis; cardiovascular disease; pathogenesis; receptor-ligand-mediated signaling
Categories
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR018724, 1-P20-RR018724] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI-056077, R01 AI056077] Funding Source: Medline
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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is associated with atherosclerosis, transplant vascular sclerosis, and coronary restenosis. A common theme in these vascular diseases is an increased rate of angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a complex biological process mediated by endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, and morphogenesis. Although angiogenesis is a normal process in the host, its dysregulation, after viral infection or injury to the vessel wall, is associated with plaque development in atherosclerotic patients. We now document that HCMV infection results in increased EC proliferation, motility, and capillary tube formation. The observed HCMV-induced angiogenic response depended on viral binding to and signaling through the beta(1), and beta(3) integrins and the epidermal growth factor receptor, via their ability to activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Because a proangiogenic response drives the neovascularization observed in atherosclerotic disease, our findings identify a possible mechanism for how HCMV infection contributes to vascular disease.
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