Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 105, Issue 51, Pages 20157-20160Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0804320105
Keywords
Hofstadter butterfly; magnetization plateaus; quantum magnet
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research
- Department of Energy
- State of Florida
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
- Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia
- Trinity College (Cambridge)
- Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter
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The fractalized Hofstadter butterfly energy spectrum predicted for magnetically confined fermions diffracted by a crystal lattice has remained beyond the reach of laboratory-accessible magnetic fields. We find the geometrically frustrated spin system SrCu2(BO3)(2) to provide a sterling demonstration of a system in which bosons confined by a magnetic and lattice potential mimic the behavior of fermions in the extreme quantum limit, giving rise to a sequence of plateaus at all magnetization m(z)/m(sat) =1/q ratios 9 >= q >= 2 and p/q =2/9 (m(sat) is the saturation magnetization) in magnetic fields up to 85 T and temperatures down to 29 mK, within the sequence of previously identified plateaus at 1/8, 1/4, and 1/3 of the saturated magnetization. We identify this hierarchy of plateaus as a consequence of confined bosons in SrCu2(BO3)(2) mimicking the high magnetic field fractalization predicted by the Hofstadter butterfly for fermionic systems. Such an experimental realization of the Hofstadter problem for interacting fermions has not been previously achieved in real materials, given the unachievably high magnetic flux densities or large lattice periods required. By a theoretical treatment that includes short-range repulsion in the Hofstadter treatment, stripe-like spin density-modulated phases are revealed in SrCu2(BO3)(2) as emergent from a fluidic fractal spectrum.
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